A Secure 3-Way Routing Protocols for Intermittently Connected Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

The mobile ad hoc network may be partially connected or it may be disconnected in nature and these forms of networks are termed intermittently connected mobile ad hoc network (ICMANET). The routing in such disconnected network is commonly an arduous task. Many routing protocols have been proposed for routing in ICMANET since decades. The routing techniques in existence for ICMANET are, namely, flooding, epidemic, probabilistic, copy case, spray and wait, and so forth. These techniques achieve an effective routing with minimum latency, higher delivery ratio, lesser overhead, and so forth. Though these techniques generate effective results, in this paper, we propose novel routing algorithms grounded on agent and cryptographic techniques, namely, location dissemination service (LoDiS) routing with agent AES, A-LoDiS with agent AES routing, and B-LoDiS with agent AES routing, ensuring optimal results with respect to various network routing parameters. The algorithm along with efficient routing ensures higher degree of security. The security level is cited testing with respect to possibility of malicious nodes into the network. This paper also aids, with the comparative results of proposed algorithms, for secure routing in ICMANET

COBRA framework to evaluate e-government services: A citizen-centric perspective

E-government services involve many stakeholders who have different objectives that can have an impact on success. Among these stakeholders, citizens are the primary stakeholders of government activities. Accordingly, their satisfaction plays an important role in e-government success. Although several models have been proposed to assess the success of e-government services through measuring users' satisfaction levels, they fail to provide a comprehensive evaluation model. This study provides an insight and critical analysis of the extant literature to identify the most critical factors and their manifested variables for user satisfaction in the provision of e-government services. The various manifested variables are then grouped into a new quantitative analysis framework consisting of four main constructs: cost; benefit; risk and opportunity (COBRA) by analogy to the well-known SWOT qualitative analysis framework. The COBRA measurement scale is developed, tested, refined and validated on a sample group of e-government service users in Turkey. A structured equation model is used to establish relationships among the identified constructs, associated variables and users' satisfaction. The results confirm that COBRA framework is a useful approach for evaluating the success of e-government services from citizens' perspective and it can be generalised to other perspectives and measurement contexts. Crown Copyright © 2014.PIAP-GA-2008-230658) from the European Union Framework Program and another grant (NPRP 09-1023-5-158) from the Qatar National Research Fund (amember of Qatar Foundation

Does Service Quality Perception in Omnichannel Retailing Matter? A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research

The retailing landscape has been transformed in the past decade with the emergence of web, mobile and social media. Multichannel retailers are focusing on establishing seamless omnichannel service experience. Omnichannel retailing is not only addition of channels, rather integration of service elements, price, promotion, product assortment, information and transactional data within all available channels of a company. Within omnichannel retailing, the concept of brand experience is highly specific as it includes interactive channels such as social media and review sites. To complete even a single purchase, customers nowadays are using multiple channels. Customers are trying out products in a physical store but at the same time ordering it online using smartphones after comparing price and checking reviews. Remember the customer who did not complete her purchase in store? She may have ordered similar product using other channels offered by competitors. To create a successful omnichannel strategy, companies need to integrate all the channels and customer touchpoints to provide a consistent experience. Whereas multi-channel has focused on enhancing customer value incorporating digital tools, omnichannel has introduced a wider perspective in influencing consumer decision making. With the emergence of omnichannel and related complexities, this study calls for a broader conceptualization of virtual, physical and integration quality. The study also puts forward challenges and future research directions for quality modelling in omnichannel research